Genetic mutation is the change that occurs in the sequence of DNA. This mutation can occur at a single site on the DNA or may extend over a stretch of DNA. Genetic mutation is of two types: germline mutation (mutation inherited from one generation to another) and somatic mutation (acquired by a person after birth). Sometimes genetic mutation is beneficial as they help build genetic diversity within the population. But sometimes, it can be detrimental too. It plays a key role in the development of diseases like Sickle cell anemia, Phenylketonuria, Down’s syndrome and Colour blindness.

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