Written By: Prerna Mittra | Updated : May 19, 2025 3:01 PM IST
Medically Verified By: Dr Manjusha Goel, lead consultant, department of obstetrics and gynaecology at CK Birla Hospital Delhi
High Blood Pressure During Pregnancy: What Every Expecting Mother Should Know (Photo: Freepik)
High blood pressure during pregnancy: There are many health complications that can arise during pregnancy, but hypertension, or high blood pressure, is quite a severe problem that needs to be managed -- else it could cause further life-threatening health issues for both the mother and her child. High blood pressure during pregnancy is quite prevalent, and needs to be treated appropriately. Up to 5-10 per cent of pregnant women can experience high blood pressure-related issues, so they need to learn more about the condition, its consequences, ways to manage it, and the need for early diagnosis and treatment. Read on.
Dr Manjusha Goel, lead consultant, department of obstetrics and gynaecology at CK Birla Hospital Delhi explains that high blood pressure during pregnancy can assume various forms. Among them, the most frequent form is 'gestational hypertension' -- it happens after 20 weeks of pregnancy and usually goes away after childbirth. Then, there is chronic hypertension -- it is high blood pressure that was present before pregnancy, or is detected before 20 weeks.
"In others, it may develop into 'preeclampsia', which is a condition with high blood pressure and evidence of damage to other organs, usually the liver and kidneys," the doctor warns, adding that if it is not treated, preeclampsia can cause complications like preterm delivery, low birth weight, or even maternal and fetal mortality.
Early symptoms of preeclampsia can include:
"Many women with high blood pressure, however, do not have noticeable symptoms; as such, frequent prenatal visits are crucial. Testing for blood pressure, doing urine tests to screen for protein, and regular monitoring can identify early problems and prevent complications," the doctor states.
According to Dr Goel, some factors raise the risk of gestational hypertension during pregnancy; these include:
The treatment for high BP in pregnancy can be a combination of lifestyle modifications, medical treatment, and regular monitoring. Doctors may recommend dietary changes, like limiting salt. Engaging in safe exercises, drinking enough water, and getting proper rest are crucial.
"In certain situations, medications may be prescribed to maintain normal blood pressure. Pregnant women stick to the advice of their physicians and not self-medicate. They must not discontinue medication without consulting their physician."
The doctor adds that timely treatment can help to maintain blood pressure within a safe range during pregnancy, and provide sufficient blood to the baby. In certain cases, premature delivery may be suggested if high blood pressure is a threat to the mother or the infant.
