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Written By: Editorial Team | Published : April 27, 2018 3:35 PM IST
About 47% urban children are still not completely vaccinated in Uttar Pradesh, reveals a recent study by National Family Health Survey (NFHS). The age of 12 to 23 months is considered as a critical period in a child's development and immunity-building process and if not immunized on time, the child can face severe health issues in life, say health experts.
Important results of the study are:
India loses about 5 lakh children under the age of two due to diseases that could be prevented by vaccines, each year.
Only 60.7% of children aging 12 to 23 months in urban Ghaziabad are fully immunized, which means 39% of children are falling behind on their immunization schedules.
There is a need to revisit immunization programs to identify where they are lacking and to make them more effective.
Immunization rate in urban Uttar Pradesh is much lower than that reported by other regional surveys in India. Low socioeconomic status of the households, female illiteracy, lack of health awareness and gender inequality can be attributed as the determinants of low vaccination coverage in the state. Currently, vaccination is provided to protect children against seven life-threatening diseases in India, which include diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis B.
The timing of the vaccination plays a fundamental role in a child s life. In order to ensure that the child develops immunity for a given disease at the correct age, it is essential to provide him vaccination during 12-23 months of age. Non-adherence to timely vaccination continues to be one of the leading reasons for high infant mortality rate in our state, says Dr. Sanjay Sharma, Consultant- Pediatrician, Columbia Asia Hospital, Ghaziabad.
Immunization is the process of fortifying a child s immune system against attacks by foreign antigens. Vaccines contain the same antigens that cause diseases but they are either killed or weakened to the point that they don t actually cause the disease.
However, the antigens are still strong enough to make the immune system produce antibodies that lead to immunity. In other words, vaccine is a safer substitute for a child s first exposure to a disease. The child gets protection without having to get sick. Vaccination helps the child develop immunity without suffering from the actual diseases.
Within Uttar Pradesh, the state of Ghaziabad is even worse, with only 60.7% of children aging 12 to 23 months in urban Ghaziabad are fully immunized. This essentially means more than 39% of children are falling behind on their immunization schedules. Lack of awareness and outreach seems to be the major factor for the situation.
Today, medical science has enabled us to protect our child against more diseases than ever before. Some diseases that once claimed thousands of lives have been successfully eradicated and others are close to extinction, thanks to modern vaccines. Eradication of Polio is one of the best examples of the contribution of vaccination in India. However, these dismal figures are indicative of our efforts not getting the desired results. The immunization programs need to be revisited to identify where they are lacking and to make them more effective , Dr Sharma.
Immunization has proved to be the most cost-effective method to prevent fatal diseases and deaths. Data reveals that India loses about 5 Lakh children under the age of two due to diseasesthat could have been prevented by vaccines, each year. Read: Study says only 6% of Indians aware about vaccination.
In addition to enhancing the infrastructure for providing better immunization services, efforts should also be made to address vulnerable households within urban settlements via community-based outreach programs. Read: 10 things you should know about immunization.
Since lack of awareness and socio-cultural beliefs play a major role in the decision-making of families in vaccinating their children, overcoming these social barriers by improving female literacy and addressing lack of awareness or motivation through professionally designed behavior change communication programs can go a long way in improving child health scenario in India.
Source: Press release
Image Source: Shutterstock
