Physical Therapy: How Does It Help In Arthritis Management?

What makes physiotherapy a vital component of arthritis treatment? Know from a doctor.

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Written By: Prerna Mittra | Updated : September 9, 2024 2:01 PM IST

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Medically Verified By: Dr Vishal Lapshia, joint replacement and arthroplasty surgeon at AIMS Hospital, Dombivli

Arthritis is a painful condition that affects many people around the world, and is mostly associated with age. Living with this condition means pain, swelling, and stiffness in a joint or multiple joints. A debilitating condition, it affects the quality of life by restricting an individual's movements. Arthritis happens when the cartilage that cushions the joints breaks down, leading to bone-on-bone contact, which can be painful. The most common causes include:

  • Wear and tear (osteoarthritis): Age-related cartilage breakdown.
  • Autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis): The immune system attacks the joints.
  • Infections (septic arthritis): Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections in the joint.
  • Injuries (traumatic arthritis): Joint damage from accidents or sports.
  • Genetics: Family history and inherited traits.
  • Obesity: Excess weight puts additional stress on joints.
  • Age: Risk increases with age.
  • Other medical conditions: Certain conditions, like diabetes, gout, or lupus, can increase arthritis risk.

As mentioned earlier, joint pain and stiffness is a common symptom of arthritis, followed by swelling and redness, reduced range of motion, warmth around the affected joint, etc.

The Role Of Exercise In Arthritis Management

According to Dr Vishal Lapshia, joint replacement and arthroplasty surgeon at AIMS Hospital, Dombivli, physiotherapy is a 'vital component' of arthritis treatment. "Staying physically active will help one manage the symptoms of arthritis and do their daily activities with ease. Carefully-monitored movements by a physiotherapist during the sessions will help to strengthen joints as well as muscles," he said.

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Benefits Of Physiotherapy For Arthritis Patients

The doctor listed the following three health benefits of undergoing physiotherapy, after one has been diagnosed with arthritis:

  1. Joint mobility and strength: Physiotherapy offers arthritis patients a holistic approach to managing their condition, emphasising both symptom-relief and functional improvement. One of the most significant benefits lies in the tailored exercise programs designed by physiotherapists that enhance joint mobility and strengthen the surrounding muscles. These exercises help protect joints from further damage while improving overall stability.
  2. Advanced techniques: Physiotherapists use advanced techniques such as ultrasound or TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) to alleviate pain and inflammation, which empowers patients to regain control over their bodies and do daily activities.
  3. Lifestyle and activity: Making informed decisions when it comes to arthritis management allows individuals to decide on their lifestyle choices and activity levels. Physiotherapy not only helps with physical rehabilitation, but also psychological well-being.

Low-Impact Exercises

"For arthritis patients, integrating physiotherapy exercises into their daily routine not only alleviates pain but also enhances overall joint function. Low-impact exercise will help with flexibility and strengthen the muscles surrounding the joints," the doctor stated, adding that walking, strength-training, stretching, aerobics, and yoga can improve balance and coordination.

"Try to exercise at least 4 days a week for 30 minutes and then gradually increase the time to 45 minutes. Adhere to the instructions given by the physiotherapist and you will be able to manage arthritis," Dr Lapshia concluded.

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