Written By: Debjani Arora | Published : October 15, 2018 4:25 PM IST
As you age the need for a keen replacement increases as the joints degrade. © Shutterstock
With advancing age, the incidence of health problems also increases. In our country, aside vision related conditions, diabetes and hypertension, degenerative joint conditions are commonly observed in the elderly population. Community based studies have reported approximately 44% prevalence of arthritis in the elderly population, with pain, stiffness and inability to walk comfortably being the chief symptoms. The reason behind this is that, with age, having accumulated several stress related factors throughout the, repair mechanisms of the body slowly start declining. Moreover, old age is also associated with wear and tear of structures in our body, thereby resulting in degenerative arthritic conditions. Here Dr Mudit Khanna, Orthopedic surgeon, Wockhardt Hospital Mumbai Central, explains how knee joints are affected as one age.
The knee joint is commonly involved in osteoarthritis (OA) and is caused due to cartilage degradation. The knee is a weight bearing joint and has an important role in horizontal (walking, running) and vertical (jumping) movements. As age advances, there are changes in muscle mass surrounding the joint structure as well as cell and matrix related changes inside the joint tissue which lead to degeneration. Also, loss of normal bone structure with age and other co-existing factors such as obesity, traumatic injuries etc. all contribute to OA of the knee.
In early stages of knee pain and stiffness, treatment can be done with medications and exercise. However, for those who have not obtained relief from non-surgical treatments, joint replacement surgery must be considered. Most elders avoid discussing about joint replacement surgery due to fear of dependent living and doubtful treatment outcomes. Most doubts regarding surgery are due to misleading information. Explain to them that, with technological and material related advances, tremendous improvement has been observed in knee joint replacement techniques. Approximately 85% procedural success rates have been reported and results last for up to 20 years following replacement. Total knee replacements are considered amongst the safest, effective procedures in medicine. With the rise in awareness programs, our country has seen an annual increase in the total number of knee replacement surgeries from 5000 to 65,000 (based on a 2013 report).
Do's and Don'ts after Knee Replacement Surgery
By ensuring maintenance of overall health status and a disciplined lifestyle, results of knee replacement (with respect to pain and ease of movements and daily activities) can be maintained for long periods of time.
